Advances in Biological Sciences Research

This research aims to study the effect of immersion time on yield, viscosity, and color of skin cow gelatines. Twenty-four thousand grams of skin cow, twelve thousand grams pineapples peel, and ten thousand two hundred millilitre an aquadest were used in this research. The Experiment method that used...

Fat is a material that is widely utilized as a raw material in various industries including pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. One of the concerns is the ability of fat to form crystals. Cooling and agitation rates play an important role in fat crystallization. Variables such as temperature,...

CVD (cardiovascular disease) is a group of non-communicable diseases and a global cause of cardiovascular death. The search for gents inhibiting blood clot formation (thrombus) and enhancing antithrombotic activity are important for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Previous study reported that bacteria...

With the development of aging society, the number of hemiplegia patients grows rapidly and over 75% of survivors suffering hemiplegia need rehabilitation training. Traditional training methods need one or more physical therapists to server one patient at the same time. In order to reduce the workload...

To study the characteristic of adsorption kinetics of BHC and DDT in the unsaturated zone of typical northeastern soil field of China by adopting indoor soil adsorption simulation experiment. The purpose of the study is to reveal the pollution mechanism of BHC and DDT to soil and groundwater and provide...

In this study, moisture content of soybean was evaluated using visible near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy. Soybean were dried at 60˚C for up to 10 hours to get moisture variation. A total of 200 soybean were used in this study which made a total of 600 reflectance spectra scanned with Vis-NIR spectrometer...

Rimau Gerga Lebong (RGL) and kalamansi are two types of oranges typical of Bengkulu. Both types of oranges can be developed into processed products such as marmalade. This study aimed to obtain the effect of the addition of kalamansi and sugar on the physical and chemical characteristics of marmalade....

Many plants from the genus Alpinia are known to have several bioactive compounds that can act as an antitumor in cancer treatments. However, the potency of the bioactive compounds from red ginger as an antitumor agent has not been reported before. This research aims to study the inhibitory activity of...

The quality of the raw cocoa mass used greatly affects the final quality of the chocolate product. Conching and tempering are also important processes in chocolate making to produce high-quality chocolate that customers like. The process includes mixing, cutting and aeration of the chocolate mass during...

Kefir is a fermented milk product by lactic acid bacteria and yeast, rich in benefits for the human body. Kefir grains are a starter in making kefir. This research determines pH, alcohol percentage, and organoleptic properties using kefir grains with different concentrations. Ultra-high temperature (UHT)...

Crackers are a processed product that is much favored by the people of Indonesia. Crackers after frying have crunchy physical properties, however, if not stored properly the product is easy to change its physical properties, namely crackers become not crunchy or sluggish (mlempem). The change in crackers...

Bagasse is one of the solid wastes from sugar factories which contains lignocellulose. Lignocellulose contains high levels of cellulose so that it has the potential as raw material to produce bioethanol. The crude cellulase produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium has enzymes capable of degrading lignin,...

In this study, the TiO2 immobilized on fiberglass cloth was prepared to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and overcome the difficulty of reuse through a set of different procedures. The microstructure and morphology of TiO2 loaded on FGC were characterized via SEM and XRD, respectively. The...

Rice is an important food commodity in Indonesia and several other developing countries, making its increase in demand in line with the population growth. While the government devise policies that attempt to boost rice production, limited resources, changing natural conditions and human activities impose...

The open-pit mining process has an impact on soil properties, including the soil physical properties. The physical properties of soil in the rehabilitation area will develop over time. This study aimed to determine the soil physical properties development in the 20 years old rehabilitation area and compare...

The stipulation of the corona virus as a national pandemic has an effect on changes in food consumption patterns, which were originally from fresh food ingredients that are easily obtained directly in both traditional and modern markets to consumption of ready-to-eat frozen food that can be used as stock...

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been developed as substitute cells for tissue engineering. However, in order to get a high number of cells, over-repassage leads the cells to become big in spread size indicating that senescence occurred. This study aimed to evaluate the potency of ascorbic acid...

Thigmomorphogenesis is a plant growth response caused by mechanical stimuli from outside of the plant body. The mechanical stimulations used in this study was irrigation methods, namely drip and mist. The objectives of this study were to determine the morphology of tubers, to compare the growth rates,...

Thisÿpaperÿpresents a functional electrical stimulation system to mimic the EMG characterization of patient healthy limb to exercise his/her affected limb. Firstly, the existing problems of functional electrical stimulation system are analyzed. Generally, the existing electrical stimulation systems suffer...

To study whether bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from aged rat present cell senescence. In the present study, cell morphology were observed, and cell proliferation and cell cycle were analyzed. The natural senescence of MSCs from aged rat was testified by investigation of SA- -gal activity,...

Many efforts have been released to face the impacts of climate change. The Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture has launched cropping calendar information system (CCIS), one of the efforts to enhance adaption on climate change. The study was conducted using samples from 34 provinces to assess the implementation...

This paper presents the possibility of utilizing a low field benchtop magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize the development of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based tissue engineered (TE) bone constructs over a four-week period. All MRI measurements were conducted using a 0.5T MRI tomography system....

This research aims to analyze the content of pork in the sold meatballs in the North Bengkulu district. The study was conducted in December 2019-May 2020. Meatball samples were taken from 12 meatball merchant stalls in Ketahun, North Bengkulu district. DNA genome samples were isolated from the meatball...

Litters or pine cage mats are very good at absorbing water and odours from broiler chicken manure. Pine-based litter takes a long time to decompose. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out how the waste was processed into compost using a combination of materials and levels of EM-4 bioactivator....

This study investigated the effects of brown seaweed extract nanoparticles on liver enzymes of broiler chickens. The drinking water of broiler chickens were treated with no additive (negative control), zinc bacitracin (0.25 g/L; positive control), brown seaweed extracts (2.50 or 5.00 g/L), or brown seaweed...

Research into Hydroponic technology is currently very interesting, especially with the increasingly narrow land area that can be utilized in agriculture. Hydroponic technology helps in the development of cultivated plants with limited land, even with limited sunlight. In this study, the authors conducted...

Thrombosis is a cardiovascular disorder due to the formation of a blood clot (thrombus), which can cause a blockage in a blood vessel. Such abnormality is responsible for more than millions of deaths per year in the world. In addition to cardiovascular disease, thrombosis can also occur in patients with...

The success of shallot cultivation in vertisol soil is influenced by the use of seeds and the application of organic matter. This aim of this study aims to determine was to the effect of local organic matter on vertisol soil on the growth and yield of three true shallot seed (TSS) varieties. The research...

Accurate, non-destructive prediction of chlorophyll content in leaves is crucial to guaranteeing an optimum plant’s growth and productivity. This is due to the fact that chlorophyll is an important photosynthetic pigment for plants, determining photosynthetic capacity and hence plant growth. In this...

EACHL was extracted from the Chinese honey locust. MTT assay was used to test the cytotoxicity of the extracts on esophageal carcinoma cells. The result of MTT assay showed the Ic50 values of Eca109 and TE1 are 11.53, 32.07 g-ml-1, respectively. The interaction of EACHL with bovine serum albumin (BSA)...

Spodosols are mineral soils derived from sandy to loamy sand parent materials developed under humid or wetter climate condition. Soils are coarse in texture, the acid in reaction and low in water and nutrient retention. In addition, these soils are characterized by a spodic horizon associated with the...

Milk clotting enzyme is an important enzyme in cheese industry, to obtain an industrial strain with high milk-clotting enzyme activity, Mucor miehei was used as the origin strain and mutagenized by Ultraviolet (UV) and UV combining lithium chloride(LiCl), respectively. The result shows that lower concentrations...

A real-time fluorescence detection biomedical miniaturized system with a disposable microfluidic chip was developed for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reactions. The miniaturized system was developed consisting of a mini heating plate, a temperature sensor, a temperature controller and...

The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of phosphate and nitrate adsorption through several parameters, such as different initial concentrations, kinetic behaviour, the effect of pH, and ratio liquid solid. Fe-SCG showed the adsorption capacity values were 35.82 mg/g for phosphate and...

A study was conducted to the relation of IGF-1 genotype with weight in Etawah Grade goats at Polewali Mandar Regency. The object of this research used 22 Etawah Grade goats that had been weighed and their blood was taken for DNA and PCR-RFLP extraction to determine the diversity of the IGF-1 genotype....

Potato price tends to fluctuate, and the cost of production is quite high, causing the interest of farmers in growing potatoes to decline. Picture of the level of knowledge of farmers in the control of pests and diseases in potato crops, the perception of farmers in the control of potato pests and plant...

Capsicum sp. Has been reported as a salt-sensitive crop. Therefore, using salt-tolerant varieties will be a wise solution for maintaining crop production in coastal areas. Source of saline-tolerance controlling genes are needed to develop saline-tolerant genotypes. The objective of this study was to...

Bayu or known as wind is one of several renewable energy sources that have the potential to produce electrical energy. Wind conditions that are not the same between places affect the energy produced. This wind condition is closely related to wind speed, so an experiment is needed to determine the effect...

The effective part (BESDM) was extracted from the DioscoreaÿnipponicaÿMakino. Cytotoxicity of the BESDM on Ec9706, Eca109 and TE1 cells tested by MTT assay. The result showed the Ic50 values of Ec9706, Eca109 and TE1 are 7.87ñ0.08, 3.76ñ0.04 and 13.53ñ0.06 gúml-1, respectively. Fluorescence was used...

Use of marginal land use, such as Ultisol is an alternative for the extensification of soybean production. The problem of Ultisol is the low organic matter content, so fertilization is required using organic fertilizer such as compost. This study was designed to determine the effect of the compost source...

Ice cream is usually made using sugar (sucrose) as a sweetener, but the use of too much sugar in food can cause obesity and increase blood sugar so it is not good for diabetics. This study aims to determine the effect of adding honey with different levels on the sensory test of ice cream. This research...

House is a fundamental pillar that directly affects the success of poultry farms. There are three house systems, namely open, semi-, and closed house systems. Objective of the study was to analyze the performance of the broilers, which are raised in open, semi-closed, and closed houses. The study was...

Chocolate has some unique characteristics that solid at room temperature, brittle when broken and completely melts at body temperature. In the tropics, a specific approach in formulating chocolate is needed due to its high average temperature. This research aimed to develop formulation of heat-resistant...

Diarrhea is the main reason of human deaths in developing countries, which also cause world-wide infant mortality. Diarrhoea occurs world-wide and causes 4% of all deaths and 5% of health loss to disability. It is most commonly caused by gastrointestinal infections which kill around 1.5 million people...

Biological medicine is listed on the country's important development strategy planning in the United States, the European Union, Japan and other major developed countries and some developing countries. Through analysis of Chinese current situation of the development of biological medicine and compared...

Gelam wood is a tough wood that is often used to support building structures; usually, it was nailed to merge it each other which the nailing causes injury to the wood. The purpose of this research is to determine the patterns of distribution of iron stain in gelam wood. The wood’s observation macroscopical...

Zoysia matrella has a prolonged growth rate in its cultivation, including in the nursery phase, caused by environmental conditions, such as lack of light. Therefore, in this study, an automatic Zoysia matrella nursery chamber was designed with an artificial light control system that can adapt to ambient...

Research on the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts as reducing agents is growing rapidly because they are eco-friendly and cost-effective. Diospyros maritima Blume. is one of the plant species that had potential in the biosynthesis of AgNPs. In this study, biosynthesis...

Tomato is among the most cultivated vegetable crops worldwide, and bacterial wilt (BW) caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is the most devastating disease affecting tomato, impacting food and nutrition security in many areas. Pesticides used for controlling plant diseases are...

This study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of an integrated business pattern for laying hens and hybrid corn on a smallscale business in South Konawe Regency. The research variables are (a) investment costs; (b) fixed costs; (c) variable costs; (d) acceptance; and (e) income. The research data...

Anthropogenic disturbances due to increasing industrialization, human population, and urbanization are reducing biodiversity worldwide. Over the past decades, Indonesia has invested significant effort in reforestation to compensate for the loss of forest resources, such as through Biodiversity Park (Taman...

Many coastal communities have not yet developed the potential for processing coconut shell waste and wood cutting industry waste. Making appropriate technology that can provide solutions to problem-solving while utilizing the local potential of the region is a breakthrough that can build the people’s...

Bacterial proteases with antithrombotic activities can be used to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the leading causes of death in the world. Indonesia is known for its high marine biodiversity, including its brown seaweed varieties and their symbiotic bacteria. The high biodiversity of proteolytic...

In this study, the influence of F/M (total organic carbon (TOC)/mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS)/day) ratio in the anaerobic batch treatment method was performed on the distillation effluent of barley shochu. The operation was to add 0.7 L seed sludge, supply 0.2 L of waste liquid every day and react...

Patients will fall asleep under anesthesiology in most cases, so they will lose their consciousness to protect themselves. Therefore, the anesthetists carry on more duties to protect the patients' privacy.

An herbaceous plant is a plant group with a short, small plant and has a wet trunk because many contain water and have no wood. This research aims to inventory herbaceous plant species in three different locations and provide information uses of botanicals herbs. The results showed that the slopes area...

Spodoptera exigua is considered as one of the most important pests in shallot plant. The objective of the research was to evaluate activity of synthetic pheromone which diluted in glue (glue formulation) for monitoring the Spodoptera exigua moth populations. This research was conducted from November...

Pineapple is one of Indonesia′s leading tropical fruits distributed in both domestic and international markets. High demand for pineapple leads to the development of pineapple preservation in Indonesia. However, postharvest handling constraints that have not been optimally hampered restrict the development...

The estuary area is a semi-enclosed water body area that borders the sea but still connected to fresh water from rivers. As an area that connects between sea and rivers, the estuary is an area that threatened by human activities, including water pollution of heavy metals. Therefore, it is necessary to...

Artificial insemination in dairy cows is for improving genetic quality and replacement so that high pregnancy success is needed. This research was conducted on a smallholder farm in the Pujon sub-district, Malang Regency, Indonesia. The materials used were 100 cows, 100 in AI using a single dose of BCS...

Food traceability is increasingly important and identification of food source and its origin will give both consumers and industry players a better sense of security. The species origins of honey and edible bird's nest were identified using DNA-based method through procedures of DNA extraction, polymerase...

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with strong antioxidant activity. The function of astaxanthin has been associated with a number of health-promoting benefits. This paper discusses the beneficial effects of astaxanthinin the prevention and treatment of human diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer,...

Ageratum conyzoides, which contains various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, hydroquinone, tannins, and essential oils, can be used as herbicide or insecticide. The purposes of this study were to describe the effect of methanol extract of A. conyzoides leaves on mortality...

Phalaenopsis hybrid is one of the orchids that is in great demand in the horticultural market as cut and potted flowers. One of the attempt to obtain new variation flower characters in Phalaenopsis hybrids is polyploidization using colchicine. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytological...

Winged bean is a tropical vegetable crop that has the potential to be developed as legumes. The age of harvest can determine the quality of the young pod of winged bean. This study aims to determine the yield and quality of two varieties of winged bean pods with different harvest ages. The experiment...

Bacterial growth media is necessary for bacterial culture in laboratory. Bacterial growth media is sold commercially, but its distribution has not yet reached all regions. Local raw materials that have potential to fertilize the growth of microorganisms are jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) and tofu. Jicama...

This study compared the Islamic-animal welfare of sacrificial animals slaughtered in the pesantren and the city mosques in Banyumas Regency during Eid al-Adha 1442 H. There were five aspects of animal welfare has been observed: transportation, shelter aspects, preparation, slaughtering, and post-slaughter...

The objectives of the assessment is to increase the development of more widespread cultivation of medicinal plant and empowering the economic comunity. The assessment is an analytical descriptive with information and primary data was gathered through various methods such as audience with key informant...

Some genes play a role in the tissue regeneration process and they have specific functions. One of them is the platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) gene that have a role in the wound healing process because it induces cell mitosis and thereby causes cell proliferation. PDGF protein expression is thought...

One of the natural disasters that is increasing in frequency due to the phenomenon of climate change and very detrimental to agriculture is drought. Future drought events need to be known so that adaptation and mitigation can be carried to avoid large losses. The purpose of this study is to determine...

As a commodity with high adaptability to climate change, sorghum has high potency in food sustainability. Sorghum grain can be diversified to be various kinds of food products including rice sorghum instant. The heat transfer process during the drying of sorghum rice instant is an interesting factor...

In this paper, to examine the effects of elevated ozone on secondary metabolism and antioxidant capacity in soybean roots, as well as reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes activity. Soybean grown in open top chambers (OTCs) were exposed to ambient air ([O3]=40nmol•mol-1) and elevated ozone...

Coronaviruses have long been a severe issue due to their capacity to mutate and infect the respiratory tract. Dendrobium orchids are the most diverse orchid species in Indonesia. Polysaccharides, bibenzyl, phenanthrene, coumarin, sesquiterpenoids, alkaloids, and steroids were among the phytochemical...

Javaen barb fish (Systomus orphoides) population was declined due to overfishing and environmental changes. Cultivation efforts have been made, but the high sperm concentration causes a decrease in fertility. Honey extender is used to dilute sperm, maintain buffer balance, and provide nutrition for sperm....

Pharmacological mechanisms of Chinese herbal prescription are complicate since it contains heterogeneous components. These mechanisms are hardly understood by traditional methodology in the mass. Here we use network pharmacology approaches to explore mechanisms of JinChaiKangBingDu Capsule (JCKBD) against...

Rubber commodities in East Kalimantan have a significant growth area. From 2008 to 2017, the rubber plantation area’s growth averaged 3.79%, with rubber production growth up to 4.88% per year. In addition to producing rubber latex, which is the main product of rubber trees, it also produced many rubber...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of turmeric powder (Curcuma domestica), a dietary supplement, on the function and relative weight of lymphoid organs, a marker of immunological status in super native chickens. 100 super native chickens in total were employed in the trial, which...

This study was designed to determine marketing channels, marketing margin, farmer share, and marketing efficiency levels of cattle marketing at the Pagak market, Malang district. The sample population is as many as 20 traders. This study uses a survey method. The results showed that there are 3 distribution...

The area of Muara Angke waters, Cituis waters in Tangerang, and Indramayu waters found various activities, such as industry, fish auction sites, and ship ports which are sources of heavy metal contamination. Pollution of heavy metals at sea due to industrial waste can disrupt marine life that lives in...

Bengkulu City is located along the west coast of Sumatra Island where most of its population work as fishermen by utilizing existing resources in the coastal and marine areas. Fishermen beside produce fishery products, they also need other food which are not produce by themselves to fulfill their daily...

An ant outbreak occurred in an area of Pageraji Village, Cilongok District, Banyumas Regency, at the end of 2020; this disrupted resident activities and caused economic losses. This preliminary study reports the composition and abundance of ground insects in the region of the ant attack. The insects...

Indonesia is the fourth largest pineapple producing country in the world. This makes a lot of pineapple exported to foreign countries including Asia, Europe, and America. The length of export shipping causes a decrease in quality which results in poor pineapple conditions in faraway countries. This problem...

Six glyphosate (GP)-degrading strains were isolated from industrial activated sludge. Among them, strain FUJX 401 showed the highest GP degradability, and was identified as Paenibacillus sp. based on morphological observation, physiological biochemical characteristics, and 16S rRNA gene-sequence analysis....

Eria is one of the most important medicinal orchid genera. The present study aimed to summarise natural compounds, pharmacological activities, and conservation of Eria to reveal the potential of the genus as bioresources for natural product-based medicines and to highlight the importance of conservation...

The Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygameus wurmbii) is a Critically Endangered large Asian primate. Reintroduction had been implemented to recover their population in the wild. The research was conducted in February-April 2021 at Lamandau Wildlife Sanctuary, aimed to identify behavior differences at the feeding...

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed vulnerabilities in Indonesia’s complex food systems that threaten food security (including vegetables) in Indonesia. These vulnerabilities are mainly seen in the value chain’s logistics and long distribution process that got highly impacted by lockdown policy. As a...

This study aims to determine the value of Quail Day Production (QDP), Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC), and Break-Even Point (BEP) of Mrs. Anami’s Quail Business During the Covid-19 Pandemic. The material used in this study was 2,800 female quails aged 4-14 months. The method used is a survey with data obtained...

Generally the palm loose fruits (LF) that have passed the processing time are considered as solid waste. In this study, the potential of palm loose fruits (LF) will be investigated. Mechanical extraction to obtain crude palm oil (CPO) from palm loose fruits (LF) will be carried out. Before enter the...

Objective:To summarize the clinical application of ureter soft mirror. Methods:The treatment of urinary calculi includes ESWL, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureter soft mirror and so on , The treatment of urinary calculi with ureter soft mirror is becoming more and more widespread, and the indications...

Minapolitan is a regional-based marine and fisheries economic development plan. The plan of minapolitan has been widely adapted to various regions in Indonesia, one of which is Dumai City. Dumai City with coastal characteristics has an opportunity for Minapolitan development. Minapolitan development...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) are hereditary dental disorders. AI is a developmental condition resulting in enamel defects of all or almost all teeth. The prevalence ranges from 1:700 to 1:14,000 for AI and from 1:6000 to 1:8000 for DGI. DGI is a collective of autosomal...

Heat and mass transfer occurred simultaneously during the drying process. Therefore, the drying rate of coconut palm sugar was evaluated by analyzing heat and mass transfer simultaneously using the Runge-Kutta method. In this study, three different temperatures and three various drying loads were carried...

Pregnant mothers are a nutrition-prone group. Lack of energy chronic has impacts on the fetal and toddler growth, one of it is stunting. The prevalence of stunting in rural areas are higher than those in urban. To overcome the stunting, Ministry of Agriculture through Balitbangtan has released Inpari...

The purpose of the study is to determine the age, level of education, and length of being buffalo farmers with their ability to access the information and financial supports from the government and the banks. The study has been carried out in Pemalang Regency, with the total number of 184 respondents...

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is leading factors for blindness and impaired visual acuity in developed countries. It is importance to study the dynamic of cytokines concentration during the exudative event of AMD to contribute in the future drugs inventions. This research aims to investigate...

Black soldier fly larvae or maggot flour contains high crude fibre which makes this raw material difficult to digest. High crude fibre content so that the fermentation process can be carried out as an effort to improve the quality of maggot flour using the fungus Trichoderma viride microorganism. This...

The use of plant-based feed ingredients in aquaculture is expected to reduce feed costs. However, plant ingredients generally have a low protein content and are difficult to be digested by monogastric animals. The fermentation process is proven to increase the digestibility and nutritional value of plant...

Protein crystallography is a very critical process that limits the development of pharmaceutical engineering. Microfluidic technology has provided an opportunity for protein crystallization. In this paper, a flow-free droplet-based device is presented for producing highly controlled crystals and fabrication...

The deficiency of productive agricultural land was an obstacle in the development of edamame cultivation. The utilization of suboptimal land, especially acid dry land, is a solution for the development of edamame cultivation. South Kalimantan has acid dry land covering an area of 87.61% of the total...

The annual output of soy sauce was reported to be more than 4.4 million tons in China, which would threaten the environment with its high salinity. The Bacillus in this study were isolated from soy sauce residue, which would contribute to its recycling. This study aims to investigate the external and...