One of the challenges in TB control of Papua is increasing number of multidrug-resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The aim of the study is to imply the WGS tools for predicting TB drugs resistance even MDR as well XDR in clinical samples as an initiation model of laboratory improvement for accurate treatment...

Papua is still a malaria-endemic area, despite malaria prevention and treatment programs in the past and ongoing. To ensure quality microscopy services, a researcher wants to examine the microscopy capacity at the Public Health Services Center, to determine and the availability of laboratory facilities...

The goal of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Economic Cooperation is directed at the economic integration of the member states in to a single highly competitive and equitable production base market in the global economy. Therefore, free trade agreement related to the services sector,...

Indonesia is the third country with the highest number of smokers in the world after China and India with a smoker’s prevalence of 36.1%. Many smokers have the desire to stop smoking but there are many obstacles to its success, so too the government has established a no-smoking area program (KTR). This...

Some sub-districts in Bali province have stunting prevalence more that national average which might be associated with the environmental health condition in those areas. This study aimed to examine the association between environmental health factors with stunting prevalence among children age 2 – 5...

Indonesia is one country that is still at risk of malaria. The high intensity distribution of malaria in Indonesia is found in forested areas, especially in Eastern Indonesia. Malaria cases are mainly reported from outside Java, namely in Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan and Sumatra. This study...

Equitable distribution of health services between areas is still a problem in various countries. Even in developed countries. This condition also applies to the utilization of healthcare facilities for childbirth. To analyze the urban-rural disparities of facilities-based childbirth in Indonesia. The...

Leprosy is a chronic communicable and becomes neglected disease. Papua Province still become a leprosy pocket area in Indonesia, including Jayapura City. One of leprosy pocket area in Jayapura City is Hamadi. Based on data, there were 131 active leprosy patients in Hamadi Public Health Centre (PHC) until...

There are many areas which coverage of death data recording is still below the predicted mortality rate in the region. Death data recording in the Bumiayu region exceeds the predicted mortality rate in the region. In the pre-study there were indications of a link between the social system and the bureaucracy...

Increased DHF cases related to environmental sanitation, including the availability of breeding places for Aedes mosquitoes. Mosquito breeding places are formed because of low public awareness in eradicating Aedes mosquito nests. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of knowledge, attitudes,...

Drug abuse is a problem in Indonesia, one of this is Relapse. Relapse is a process in which a person has been declared abstinence and returns to using drugs. The aimed of this research is to find out the policies and programs related to the prevention of drug relapse in rehabilitation centers. The study...

Data from the national health survey (Riskesdas), Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia showed there’s increasing the proportion of risk common mental disorders (CMD) in people aged > 15 years from 6.0% (in 2013) to 9.8% (in 2018). This study is to determine the prevalence of CMD among health worker...

One important factor in shaping the quality of human resources as a determinant of the success of national development is adequate intake of nutrients, especially during the period of the first 1,000 days of life. In this period, children are susceptible to nutritional disorders, such as impaired growth...

Background: Fatigue is one of the risks of a decrease in the health status of the workforce. The risks that can be caused due to fatigue include a decrease in work motivation, low performance, low quality of work, many errors in work, low work productivity, causing work stress. Stress is a situation...

Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is known as the silent killer disease. The patients do not feel any symptoms or asymptomatic and for a long time, if it is not be cured they will get some complications. The prevalence of hypertension is rising in the world including...

Anastatica hierochuntica L. is well known as a traditional medicine which brings benefit to the final trimester of pregnancy by increase uterine contractions. This study aimed to analyze the effect of A. hierochuntica L. extract on the histology of myometrial cells and prostaglandin levels (PGE2 and...

Mining activities on a large scale without ignoring the environment and surrounding communities can result in a variety of negative impacts that are felt in the short and long term, including health problems. This study aims to analyze the impact of quarry stone mining on the health of communities around...

Background: Nowadays, a village is not just become an object of development but the subject behind it with its real autonomy avowed by formal regulatory framework (Village Law (Law No. 6 Year 2014 about Village)). A village also receives additional income in the form of village funds which potentially...

The problem of obesity in Indonesia has been on an upward trend in the last three decades. This study aims to determine the relationship of physical activity with obese in adults in Indonesia. This study used Riskesdas 2013 data. The study design was cross-sectional. Sample were adults aged 20 years...

The results of the initial survey at the Public Health Center in the port area of Padang City, showed a trend of increasing cases of HIV/AIDS. In 2014 there were 15 cases, in 2015 there were 21 cases and in 2016 there were 24 cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze risk factor of HIV/AIDS transmission...

Inflammatory is a body defense mechanism due to respond of tissue on undermine influences, either local or the one that go into the body. Inflammatory can cause various physical dysfunctions. Uncaria gambir Roxb, a high catechin content in ethyl acetate fraction, is widely used as wound healing in Indonesian...

Curcumin has historically been used in anti-cancer therapies. However, the anti-metastatic effect and molecular mechanism of curcumin in endometrial carcinoma (EC) are still poorly understood. In this case, the patient administrated with 1,000 mg curcumin as an alternative medicine after completed operation...

Community health center (puskesmas) is one of the health service units that in its activities produces medical and non-medical waste in both solid and liquid forms. This type of research is a quantitative study with cross sectional design where the independent variable consists of the knowledge and attitudes...

The Government has formulated a series of policies to reduce child marriage as an effort to promote adolescent (sexual and) reproductive health. One of them is the Child Protection Act No: 35, 2014. The high prevalence of child marriage demonstrates that the system did not work as expected. One of the...

The iron nutrition supplementation is an intervening strategy in tackling the anaemia deficiency among children and adolescent girls for the realization of a healthy and productive generation. To measure the effect of iron supplementation programs in increasing the concentration of haemoglobin and serum...

Indonesian tobacco is largely used for cigarettes. The Indonesian cigarettes export market is currently affected because many countries have signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) which is under the auspices of the World Health Organization (WHO). Exploration of the potential of tobacco...

Health services still have to deal with high turnover of health worker as a common issue in developing countries. Generally, the retention problem has a significant impact on continuing adequate health care to people especially in remote areas. For that reason, The Nusantara Sehat became the government’s...

In the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, the question is to what extent this development has been utilized in the field of public health? In fact, in this era there are a number of technological developments, especially information technology, among others, Big Data Analytics and Machine Learning that...

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by dengue virus that is spread through the bite of the Aedes aegypti.spp mosquitoes. Banjarnegara District is a new DHF endemic area in Central Java Province. Insidence Rate in 2018 was 14/1.00.000 population. The larval free rate in Banjarnegara District was...

Banyuwangi occupies the third highest position for HIV cases in East Java. Stigma and discrimination is one of the challenges in the success of controlling HIV and AIDS. Stigma increases the prevalence of HIV and AIDS and stops social and medical support to the patients. The study aim to explore stigma...

A healthy home is one of the means for preventing disease transmission in the family environment. Healthy homes are assessed based on 3 groups, namely the components of the house, sanitation facilities, and the house occupant behavior. In the working area of the Kilasah Public Health Center, the lowest...

The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for infants and mothers are well-understood. Exclusive breastfeeding can prevent babies from mortality due to infection such as pneumonia and diarrhea, of which one of the leading factors of infant mortality. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the world, unfortunately,...

Stigma and discrimination in the community against people with HIV/AIDS caused by lack of understanding of HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS prevention and control programs are hampered by the stigma and discrimination in the community against people with HIV/AIDS. This study aims to determine the effect of characteristics...

Mansonia is one of the genera of mosquitoes that play a role in the transmission of filariasis in North Hulu Sungai Utara undertook mass treatment of entire endemic communities from 2006 to 2015 to eliminate the transmission of the disease. However, post validation surveillance activities are required...

Immunization is a prevention effort that has succeeded in reducing infectious morbidity and mortality in infants and children. Based on a preliminary study on mothers who have baduta, there is still a low knowledge of mothers where mothers who do not want to give immunizations to the clan, then the mother...

Beef is one of the food sources of animal protein which provides fulfilment of community nutrition, because it is easily damaged, preservative methods are needed so that the quality of fresh meat remains good. A cross-sectional study identified the quality of the microbiological content in fresh, cold...

National Narcotics Agency of Denpasar City (BNNK) is a leading sector of the prevention and eradication of drug abuse and illegal trafficking in Denpasar, Bali. The BNNK Government Institution Performance Report (LKIP) informed the lack of achievement on the community empowerment owing for many of the...

As the gold standard to monitor poliovirus transmission in population, Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance that we conducted found only about

Schizophrenia is a significantly disabling condition which affects more than 400,000 people in Indonesia. However, only 84.9% of people with schizophrenia in Indonesia seek medical help and only 48.9% of those adhere to medication. Another problem in Indonesia is pasung (shackling), which occurs in 31.5%...

Cervical cancer is the second commonest cancer among females in Indonesia. The Global Burden of Disease 2017 study provides the comprehensive estimates of all diseases, including cervical cancer. This study was aimed to give overview of burden of cervical cancer at national and provincial level in Indonesia...

The presence of nursing homes in the Minangkabau community affects the psychological reasons for elderly living in nursing homes. This qualitative research is to uncover the reasons of the elderly to decide for living in a nursing home. From the results of the study it was found that elderly women settled...

Preparedness of teacher in elementary school is important to determine the level of student’s knowledge about preparedness through learning process in school. This study was purposed to determine related factors to earthquake disaster preparedness among teachers at elementary schools in The Coastal Area...

Kemenkes reports that as many as 4.31% of junior and senior high school boys and girls have been forced to have sexual relations before marriage. BPS reports also reported 0.9% of children aged 10-17 in South Sulawesi had been married and as many as 0.11% had been divorced. This study aims to analyze...

Living in a prison has a huge impact on the quality of life (QoL) and mental health, particularly for women. However, the study examined women’s QoL in a prison are limited particularly in developing countries, including Indonesia. The majority of women imprisoned in Aceh are due drugs courier, theft,...

Evaluation for referral system of maternal health is a method to decrease maternal mortality rate. Several factors that affecting the quality of referral system are staff, protocols, and geographical access play important roles in the maternal health program. The study aimed to analyze and formulate...

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is defined as a corporation’s responsibility towards stakeholders to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive impacts which includes economic, social/health, and environmental aspects (triple bottom line). Although there is an increasing trend in the contribution...

Lack of information and knowledge from the youth students about sexually transmitted disease (STD) can lead to increment to the numbers of the sexually transmitted disease among the youth. SMP Negeri I Talawaan is one of the schools located in North Minahasa. Presenting the education or information related...

Aedes aegypti is the main vector of Dengue Haemorrhagic Infection in Indonesia and it is predominantly breeding in clear water within household artificial containers. Thus, it is necessary to implement environmental management that is tends to be simple, low-cost and effective to create disadvantageous...

Palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) is a waste from the use of palm kernel shell as fuel which is very abundant, especially in Riau, Indonesia. The objective of this study utilized the PKSA to improve the quality of used palm cooking oil. The characteristics of PKSA were analyzed using FTIR to determine the...

The home environment is the main media for child development. Researchs have proven that responsive care plays an important role in child’s development. Stimulation and family care become an important factor in child’s development. Objective: The objective of this paper is to identify the role of caregiving...

Sectio Caesarea (SC) is a surgical procedure to excrete a conception result. SC is done based on the medical indication in order to save mothers, fetus or both. Data from Baseline Health Research 2010 showed proportion of SC was 15.3%, this higher than WHO recommendation for 5–15%. This study aimed is...

Nowadays, phenomenon of LGBT has been increasing and needs to get a serious attention in West Sumatra because it is the biggest risk of HIV / AIDS transmission. This research is to describe the phenomenon of LGBT and alternative policies for its alleviation in Minangkabau community (West Sumatra Province)....

Background: The risk of tuberculosis among HCW were higher than another profession since the opportunity of contact with TB patients will be more frequent. The risk of LTBI were higher for people living in high burden TB country, then HCW in Indonesia have both risk. Objective: This study was done to...

This paper presents an overview to provide readers with an update on the literature about the relation between parental influences (general parenting and food parenting practices) and children’s weight-related outcomes. A systematic research review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to identify,...

Prevention is very important to be done by People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in order not to transmit the HIV virus to other people which causes an increasing number of HIV cases. This study aims to determine the factors associated with prevention of HIV transmission by PLWHA at the Taratak Jiwa Hati...

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is still a public health problem in Indonesia, specifically in the islands. Data shows that this disease is most prominent in the Sitaro Islands Regency. Risk factors known are environmental factors, individual factors, and behavioral factors. The aim of this study was...

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by 2 times higher blood glucose and lipid profile than non-diabetic people. Several studies indicated that pancreatic β cell dysfunction due to dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor T2DM. Dyslipidemia on T2DM can lead pancreatic β cell dysfunction....

Tuberculosis is a cause of death in developing countries in the world and Indonesia is one of the countries with the most TB sufferers. One of the districts in North Sumatra that has the highest positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases is Binjai and Binjai Timur is one of the sub districts in this city....

The Healthy Life Movement (GERMAS) Policy is a policy aimed at accelerating health development and reducing disease cases and the costs involved. The Special Region of Yogyakarta follows up on this policy by issuing a Governor Regulation on the Regional Action Plan (RAD) of GERMAS with the implementation...

Every day more than 830 mothers die from diseases related to pregnancy and childbirth, 99% of maternal mortality rate (MMR) occurs in developing countries and in poor communities. Risk factors for 75% of maternal deaths are caused by severe postpartum bleeding, postpartum infections, high blood pressure...

Cholesterol is one component in forming fat. Cholesterol levels are said to be high if more than 240 mg/dl. Based on the 2013 Riskesdas data, most high cholesterol patients were women at 39.6%, especially when women enter menopause because of the decrease in the body’s estrogen hormone. Objective: The...

Hand washing soap is one of the sanitary measures taken to remove germs and bacteria that adhere to the hands. Nowadays, there are still many Indonesian children who die from diarrhea. According to the Family Health Director of the Indonesian Ministry of Health, every year as many as 1.7 million children...

Alang river has been one of the river banks to contribute the most to fish production in the Banjar district. However, despite the seemingly protein-rich diet of its inhabitants, this area still has a high prevalence of stunting. This research was therefore conducted to identify the factors that might...

Based on IDHS (Indonesian Demographics Health Survey) data in 2017, the antenatal care (ANC) services provided by competent healthworkers is 97.5% in the first visit (K1) and 77.4% in fourth visit (K4). Meanwhile, based on Growth Chart record, it is found that Low Birth Weight (LBW) cases is still high...

Ministry of Health Regulation Number 90 of 2015 regulates the special capitation fund were paid for health facilities in remote and very remote areas which estabilished by district head. Head of the North Nias District issued letter of decree Number 640.2/K/Year/2016 estabilish seven sub-districts in...

The nutritional status of toddlers in North Maluku Province in 2003-2017 shows that wasting has decreased from 16.1% in 2003, 15.7% in 2013, and 10.3% in 2017. While the stunting condition has fluctuated from 25.4% in 2003, 18.3% in 2013, and 25% in 2017. Meanwhile, the stunting condition in South Halmahera...

Diarrhea is a condition characterized by changes in the consistency of stool from softening to melting, and at least three times a day. Diarrhea is still a public health problem in developing countries such as Indonesia, because of its high morbidity and mortality. Data on diarrhea patients from the...

The implementation of distribution Health Human Resources (HHR) has become a plan that must be implemented to support the distribution and improvement of health services, as stated in the 2005-2025 National Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPN) and outlined in the 2005-2025 National Long-Term Development...

Complications resulting from unsafe abortion are among the major complications which account for nearly 75% of all maternal deaths. Unsafe abortion is risky for women with an unintended pregnancy. Unintended pregnancy is one of the important issues in public health because there is a negative relationship...

Based on Rikesdas (2013), in South Sumatra there were 14.4 % people with mental disorder has been put on a restrainted at and In Ogan Ilir Regency found that 24 people that has been restrainted. This study aimed to find out family support to the restrainting people with mental disorders in Ogan Ilir...

Cross-sector collaboration is one way that can be done to increase the potential of the organization, improve service effectiveness, and open opportunities for further collaboration in the future. As part of efforts to overcome mental health trauma among the earthquake survivors in Lombok, West Nusa...

Unit cost was real cost at hospital care. Unit cost was component of rational services tariff. The problem was nothing of standarized proportion of direct cost and indirect cost on unit cost in the inpatient room. The purpose of this study was to compare direct cost and indirect cost in unit cost based...

Uncontrolled hypertension increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Longitudinal studies comparing the effect of BMI and waist circumference with the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension is limited. This study aims to compare the effects of obesity using BMI and waist circumference...

Background: Children’s health literacy about cigarettes has a low impact on its ability to minimize second-hand smoke exposure. Objective: To analyze the needs of elementary school children to develop picture stories, a health education media about the dangers of smoking. Methods: Research using qualitative...

Background: Smoking behaviour is a problems who have lost, not only for health but also for other aspects in the life. The role of the government had not yet can be relied on to send down a prevalence of smoking in Indonesia which annually increased, so that gave rise to the initiative control program...

Based on the Public Health Development Index (IPKM) data 2016, the prevalence rate of tobacco consumption in Aceh province is considered high at 36.01% and still below the standard rate of Indonesian tobacco consumption of 32.09%. Various efforts have been made by non-smoking areas (KTR) described in...

Complementary traditional health service is a treatment system based on the philosophy of the completeness of human being, so that the patients are viewed holistically and culturally and are treated more humanly. Complementary traditional health service is done by professionally educated traditional...

One of the health effort in terms of reducing deaths from cigarettes each year is to limit smoking consumption through increased intention to quit smoking. Basic Health Research Data 2013 shows that the current proportion of smokers in Aceh province is (29.3%) and the proportion according to smoking...

Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb., known as Javanese turmeric or temulawak in Indonesia, has been reported to have several biological activities, including anticarcinogenic effects. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of temulawak rhizome extract on the cell viability, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis...

The morbidity rate is one indicator to measure the degree of health. In 2015, the morbidity rate for the elderly in Indonesia was 28.62%. However, the percentage of urban elderly morbidity rate of 26.89%. This study aims to determine factors related to the utilization of health services by the elderly...

A majority of TB cases in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province were found in Kupang City. This study aims to identify the influence of informal religious leaders (IRL) in finding and referring TB suspects. The research was a quasi-experimental one-group design with pre-test and post-test consisting of 2...

Background: Children with the correct habit of brushing have a smaller incidence of dental caries compared to children who rarely brush their teeth. The survey of Indonesia suggested that the prevalence of behavior tooth brushing increase from 2,3 in 2013 to 2,8 in 2018. Objective: To identify relationship...

Making wigs is a job that requires high accuracy and concentration. If done for a long time with a heavy workload, and work posturethat is not ergonomic can cause work fatigue and eyestrain on workers. The work environment in the form of lighting that does not meet the requirements also affects the health...

Disease patterns are important to provide an overview of the health situation. It could be used to formulate health policy, improve quality of health care or set the appropriate budget allocations. Objective: This study aims to analyze the pattern of the disease in adult hospitalized BPJS patients. Method:...

Dengue infection control is one of the main priority health programs in Indonesia. Although the vector control has been implemented, the dengue fever outbreak cannot be prevented. Hence, another preventive approach, such as dengue vaccination needs to be carried out. To accelerate towards independency...

Access to safety drinking water is one of problems during and after emergency phase in disaster. Disaster victims have higher risk to get water-borned diseases due to lack of safety drinking water as well as poor hygiene and sanitation. Our invention is an appropriate technology which intended to provide...

Cervical cancer is the fourth rank of women cancer in the world. The major cause of that cancer is Human Papilloma Virus, with the globally prevalence around 11.7% in 2010. In Indonesia, there is limited data of HPV infection. The aim of the study was to provide the national data of HPV infection among...

Biorisk or known as Biosafety and Biosecurity is an activity to promote safety and security when handling dangerous biological agents (pathogen). The application of biorisk management and fulfillment of qualifications for laboratory building facilities according to the standards becomes a necessity....

Exploration and inventory of medicinal plants and their use in the community based on local wisdom need to be conducted. This ethno-pharmacological study was undertaken to documenting the medicinal plants and herbal formula utilized by traditional healers in prevention as well as treatment of various...

Since 2002 Indonesia has implemented the Mass Drug Administration (MDA) in regencies/cities that are endemic for lymphatic filariasis. The success of regencies/cities in MDA after 5 years of implementation can be known through the TAS (transmission assessment survey). In 2017 an evaluation study was...

Islamic boarding school (Pesantren) is Islamic educational and broadcasting institution, which contain the history and authenticity in Indonesia. The number of pesantren in Indonesia continues to grow from year to year, and one of the life problem faced by the students (Santri) is the problem of cleanliness...

Women must prepare themselves with adequate and quality nutrition that they can meet the needs of themselves, the fetus and when breastfeeding, so that children will grow well and prevent the risk of osteoporosis. Objective: to study the nutritional status and adequacy level consumption of bone-forming...

The strategic plan of Indonesian Ministry of Health (MOH) 2015–2019 targets at least 5,600 Public Health Centers (PHC’s) to have five types of promotion and prevention health workers by 2019. These health workers are pharmacy personnel, public health personnel, sanitarian, nutritionist, and medical laboratory...

Housewives are the highest sufferers in 2013–2017 cumulative AIDS data in Indonesia. Prevention and Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) of HIV need to be completed proximately, especially on pregnant women. We conducted qualitative research about HIV test, ART and health services for pregnant women in Kota...

April 2019, the Jeneponto District Health Office be up against outbreak of the acute fever of unknown origin in Garonggong, Tuju Village, West Bangkala District, there were 70 patients with three deaths. South Sulawesi Provincial Health Service investigation found that 27 patients had fever accompanied...

PT Freeport Indonesia Hospital located in Tembagapura, District Mimika, Papua, reported three neurocysticercosis (NCC) suspected cases with acute symptomatic seizures, epilepsy and headaches in 2014. Computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple cystic lesions in the brain and disseminated cysticercosis...

Non Smoking area (NSA / KTR) is a room or area that is declared prohibited for smoking or producing, selling, advertising, and / or promoting tobacco products. Cigarettes can have many negative impacts on general health, such as cancer of the mouth, pancreas, bladder, blood (leukemia), and lung cancer...

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has doubling globally including Indonesia. Adolescence is a golden period of nutritional intervention in the lifecycle. Objective: This study aimed to examine the prevalence and to identify the associated factors of over nutrition among Indonesian adolescent based...

The Pegringsingan weaving work position is by sitting on the floor with a simple mat and legs straight to the front and done for 6 to 8 hours per day. Low physical activity or sedentary lifestyle can increase the prevalence of obesity which is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Body Mass Index...

Riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) in 2007, 2013 and 2018 showed the prevalence of mental emotional disorder were 11.6%, 6.0% and 9.8% respectively. This study aims to describe mental emotional pattern among Indonesian and to compare the symptoms based on three Riskesdas. Riskesdas was a population survey....