All of the articles in this proceedings volume have been presented at the UUMILC 2023 during 23-24 August 2023 in virtual form. These articles have been peer reviewed by reviewers assigned by the two Committees, International Editorial Committee and the Conference Paper Publication and Parallel Sessions...

The right to own property is an intrinsic human right that grants ownership and enjoyment to owners. For land, the ownership right is not absolute but subject to the state authority’s acquisition. The land acquisition regime ostensibly requires balancing two competing interests: public and private. In...

Judicial independence is significant in any justice system because the role of the judiciary is to provide a meaningful system of checks and balances between the executive and the legislature in line with the doctrine of separation of powers. Past researchers had shown that the enactment of the Judicial...

An efficient transportation system provides numerous benefits to people, businesses, and the larger community, including effective transportation of people and goods, enhanced economic growth, less congestion and travel time, improved access to education and healthcare and other benefits. The digital...

After the Indonesian reformation in 1998, the government enacted Law No. 28 of 1999 on Clean and Free State Administrators from Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism. In line with that spirit, the Election Law should require that candidates for the People’s Representative Council (DPR): are not currently...

There have been various instructional shifts in the tertiary education sector due to the pandemic. Legal academics have been gently forced to move beyond their primal instinct to teach face-to-face. Instead, they had to become innovative and integrate technology to make the teaching and learning pedagogy...

More than six decades have passed since Malaysia achieved her independence. Our nation has witnessed tremendous developments in various fields. However, the same cannot be said for certain vulnerable groups, one of them being women. It cannot be denied that women in the 21st century are far more advanced...

Since the establishment of the ASEAN Inter-Governmental Commission of Human Rights (AICHR) in 2009, the handling of cases of human rights violations in ASEAN has yet to progress. Although AICHR, as an intergovernmental institution, expected to be able to strengthen cooperation between ASEAN countries...

The high potential of the creative economy can improve the economy of business entrepreneurs. The establishment of Government Regulation Number 4 of 2022 concerning the Creative Economy is an opportunity to create Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) as an object of guarantee. The intellectual property...

Trade unions play a central role in upholding employees’ rights through collective bargaining action with employers to improve the terms and conditions of employment and to resolve any conflicts within the employment relationship. The trade union recognition process is a prerequisite for collective bargaining...

Children fall into the vulnerable category in terms of fulfilling human rights in a country. The Republic of Indonesia guarantees the welfare of children's rights, including the privacy rights of the children. In the digital era, personal data often experiences misuse of its processing. Specifically...

The study was undertaken to reflect on the values of modern artificial intelligence systems in the context of the use of such systems in legal, especially law enforcement activities. The application of artificial intelligence in the research focuses on the properties of fairness, accountability, and...

Childhood vaccination has played a significant role in reducing mortality rates among children, targeting various preventable diseases like smallpox, poliomyelitis, meningitis, and diphtheria. Some countries have even enacted compulsory childhood vaccination laws due to their proven effectiveness in...

Marriage is a vital thing in life, both individually and in society, everyone wants their life to be successful in all things both in career and in household survival. However, there are still many people out there who do not have good fortune in their household life. This paper examines the issue of...

This paper presents the findings from a study that identifies the risk areas in corruption and integrity issues in governance involving indigenous minorities in Peninsular Malaysia. Risk refers to the likelihood or probability of an adverse effect resulting from a completed action. Failure to manage...

The advancement of technology has transformed the atmosphere of the global financial services sector. Financial technology, commonly known as Fintech, is widely adopted globally, including in Malaysia. The adoption of Fintech in the consumer credit landscape is no exception. The Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL)...

The international conflict between Russia and Ukraine has been ongoing for more than a year. The invasion carried out by the Russian side has caused various losses in the form of loss of life and property as well as massive damage to public facilities in several regions of Ukraine. The International...

The Institute of Social Entrepreneurship was legally regulated in the law system of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2021. The state policy is aimed at ensuring entrepreneurs’ participation in creating solutions in the community, assisting in the employment of socially vulnerable segments of the population...

In Indonesian society, pornography is considered incompatible with moral values, ethics, noble character, and the nation's noble personality, faith, and piety to God and Pancasila as the ideology and basis of the state, which forms the basis that some acts involving pornography categorized as a...

Nowadays criminals use computers to commit various crimes both in the virtual and real world. These activities store digital evidence which can be used in criminal proceedings. The advancement has led to the searches and seizures of digital evidence. The legal framework of obtaining digital evidence...

Developments in Artificial intelligence (hereinafter referred to as “AI”) technologies and the prompt transformation brought by such technologies lead to several critical questions and dilemmas. By using doctrinal legal research methodology and employing critical and analytical techniques, this article...

The research examines the extent of a locally-based representation of the constitutional monarchy method in the current Westminster model of constitutional monarchy. This study argues that the latest political and constitutional developments in Malaysia demanded a locally-based approach in relation to...

A Non- Fungible Token or an NFT is described as a digital certificate representing ownership of, or rights to a unique digital asset, where the ownership is recorded on a non-centralized blockchain (a digital ledger of transactions that is not owned by the state or authoritative bodies). Common examples...

Malaysia is facing difficulty in handling retail solid waste monitoring and controlling mechanisms as a result from the increase in the amount of solid waste produced, rising urban population and industrialisation. The retail industry as one of the major contributors of solid waste in Malaysia also contributes...

Orphan work has nothing to do with orphan children. Orphan works are copyright-protected works with unidentifiable, untraceable, and unlocatable copyright holders. Prospective users such as individuals and cultural heritage institutions must obtain permission from the copyright holders before using their...

Recently, artificial intelligence (hereinafter referred to as “AI”) technologies have played an important role in the digital economy. AI is widely used in industrial manufacturing, network security, healthcare, transportation, robotics, energy, and public services, which has greatly promoted the progress...

Every country’s democracy is measured by the successes of its elections. Elections that meet the yearnings of the electorates are an election that is peaceful, free, fair credible is free from any malpractice. However, conducting an election which is free from misdeeds is crucial in Nigeria. Almost all...

In recent times, there has been international recognition of the fact that environmental rights are human rights. Despite being a State Party to many international conventions that proclaim environmental rights as human rights, Malaysia has yet to explicitly recognise this in any of her domestic legislation,...

The existence of government programs in preparing budgets for village development often creates new problems, such as the misuse of the village budget for personal gain. This behavior often causes losses for the state, especially villages. Therefore, designing a sound monitoring strategy to use village...

The e-filing system has revolutionised Malaysia's legal landscape, replacing traditional paper-based systems with electronic presentations that offer many benefits. These benefits include enhanced productivity, reduced paperwork, improved document tracking, and easier access to legal processes....

This article examines the legal considerations surrounding flexible working arrangements (FWA) in Malaysia. As FWA gains traction in the modern workforce, it is crucial to assess their legal implications. The study briefly explores the models of FWA that are being practiced worldwide. Then, Malaysian...

Persons with disabilities (PWDs) shall have the right to participate in recreational and leisure activities equally, as declared by the international convention and PWDs Act 2008 of Malaysia. Despite this, PWDs keep experiencing barriers in many aspects of life. Like other non-disabled, PWDs should be...