Proceedings of the 2023 7th International Seminar on Education, Management and Social Sciences (ISEMSS 2023)

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Impacts of the Spanish Flu and COVID-19 on Higher Education

Authors
Tong Zhu1, *
1School of Education & Social Transformation, University of California Los Angeles, CA, 90024, Los Angeles, USA
*Corresponding author. Email: tzhu0206@g.ucla.edu
Corresponding Author
Tong Zhu
Available Online 31 October 2023.
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_11How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Spanish Flu; COVID-19; Pandemic; Higher education
Abstract

The Spanish Flu and COVID-19 pandemics caused both positive and negative impacts on higher education. They caused the closure of higher education campuses and difficulties in several aspects like the difficulty of learning, financial difficulty, and so on. However, higher education’s response brought positive impacts, such as the development of remote teaching and learning, and better future adaptability. The objective of this paper is to present the backgrounds of the Spanish Flu and COVID-19 pandemics and analyze how institutions reacted to them. It also investigates the influence of the Spanish Flu and COVID-19 on higher education and make comparisons between impacts on higher education. At last, it offers suggestions on how higher education institutions can more efficiently on facing future emergency situations like pandemics. Although the pandemic brought challenges, higher education is innovating and adapting from the pandemic to establish a more flexible and adaptable system to ensure students' and staff’s safety.

Copyright
© 2023 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the 2023 7th International Seminar on Education, Management and Social Sciences (ISEMSS 2023)
Series
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
Publication Date
31 October 2023
ISBN
978-2-38476-126-5
ISSN
2352-5398
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_11How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2023 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Tong Zhu
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/10/31
TI  - Impacts of the Spanish Flu and COVID-19 on Higher Education
BT  - Proceedings of the 2023 7th International Seminar on Education, Management and Social Sciences (ISEMSS 2023)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 87
EP  - 93
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_11
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-126-5_11
ID  - Zhu2023
ER  -