Research on Reforms in China’s Education Policy in Promoting Education Equalities since Economic Reforms in 1978

DOI

10.2991/978-2-494069-89-3_29How to use a DOI?

Keywords

China; Education policy; Inequalities; Income; Hukou

Abstract

While China’s dynamic urban population thrives, but its rural population still suffer from poverty. According to the World Bank, 70 million people live on less $1 a day in the countryside [3]. Education is always the key to economic development in China with huge population as educated worker would be more competitive in the global production market. The Ministry of Education in China has implemented several education policies to tackle education inequality since the economic reform in 1978. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of major education policies in promoting education equalities, such as the Nine-year compulsory education, Two Basics policy, the Binggui policy, Gaokao or the policy of university entrance exam and also considering other factors that have limited the effectiveness of education policies such as hukou, income level and insufficient higher education funding support in China. The research was conducted from, current research and statistical data was analysed. The paper concludes that the increased enrolment rate in primary and secondary education has led to higher national literacy rate with the success of two basics policy to achieve the goal of nine-year compulsory education. However, there was unequal distribution of education opportunities and uneven provision of education opportunities due to social stratification between eastern and coastal and central and western regions. The number of good qualities education institutions was concentrated in the eastern and coastal region and decentralised funding policy in education increased financial burden for local government in rural areas and hence, exacerbates educational inequalities between urban and rural regions.

Copyright

© 2022 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Xinyuan Tang
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/12/30
TI  - Research on Reforms in China’s Education Policy in Promoting Education Equalities since Economic Reforms in 1978
BT  - Proceedings of the 2022 5th International Conference on Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICHESS 2022)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 248
EP  - 255
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-89-3_29
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-494069-89-3_29
ID  - Tang2022
ER  -