Diabetes represents an important cardiovascular risk factor, arterial stiffness being responsible, partially at least, for cardiovascular disease initiation. Objective to evaluate the arterial stiffness changes in diabetic patients, identifying differences between two sexes. Design and method The study included 285 patients, (67% women), with a mean age of 59.27±11.05 years. 69 (42 women) patients (24.2%) were diabetics. All patients underwent biochemical and arterial determinations. Arterial parameters (brachial augmentation index -Aixb-, aortic augmentation index -AixAo-, pulse wave velocity -PWVao-, central systolic blood pressure -SBPAo-, aortic pulse pressure-PPAo-) were determined using the TensioMed™Arteriograph.Results Significant differences were found between diabetic patients vs non diabetic patients regarding PPAo (125.6±44.1 mm Hg vs 97.93±55.3 mm Hg, p=0.017), SBPAo (140.01± 46.05 mm Hg vs 107.37±60.48 mm Hg, p=0.003), but no significant differences were registered regarding Aixb, AixAo, PWVao. In women, significant differences between diabetic vs non-diabetic patients were registered regarding SBPAo (142.1 ± 50.2 mm Hg vs 107.1 ± 61.8 mm Hg, p=0.034) and PWVAo (10.45±1.72 vs 10.07±2.57 m/s, p=0.043). Diabetic men presented significantly greater values for PPAo (121.17±35.67 mm Hg, p= 0.035), SBPao (136.27±38.62 mm Hg vs 107.83±57.74 mm Hg, p= 0.034), but not for aortic and brachial augumentation index, nor for PWVao. Conclusion Despite the fact that all parameters quantify aortic and brachial stiffness, the diabetes seems to affect differently men and women, further studies being necessary to elucidate all the involved mechanism. Paper published under the frame of European Social Found, Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007–2013, project no. POSDRU/159/1.5/S/138776