The Environment–Forming Role of Perennial Grasses in Agriculture of the Forest-Steppe of Western Siberia
- DOI
- 10.2991/assehr.k.200113.176How to use a DOI?
- Keywords
- soil fertility, nitrogen, phosphorus, perennial grasses, alfalfa, meadow chernozem soil
- Abstract
Results of field experiments in crop rotations of different specialization are presented – cereals-fallow and cereals-grasses rotations. The influence of various forecrops (fallow, Alfalfa) on individual indicators of soil fertility has been established. Negative nitrogen balance of -28 kg/ha was revealed with its intensity of 66Results of field experiments in crop rotations of different specialization are presented – cereals-fallow and cereals-grasses rotations. The influence of various forecrops (fallow, Alfalfa) on individual indicators of soil fertility has been established. Negative nitrogen balance of -28 kg/ha was revealed with its intensity of 66% in a cereals-fallow rotation. The inclusion of perennial legumes, including alfalfa, provides a positive nitrogen balance in the crop rotation – 21 kg/ha without additional fertilizer with a deficiency of its intensity of 119Results of field experiments in crop rotations of different specialization are presented – cereals-fallow and cereals-grasses rotations. The influence of various forecrops (fallow, Alfalfa) on individual indicators of soil fertility has been established. Negative nitrogen balance of -28 kg/ha was revealed with its intensity of 66% in a cereals-fallow rotation. The inclusion of perennial legumes, including alfalfa, provides a positive nitrogen balance in the crop rotation – 21 kg/ha without additional fertilizer with a deficiency of its intensity of 119%. Under such conditions, the content of nitrate nitrogen in soil, before sowing the wheat after plowing the bean component was high, as well as after fallowing, provides an increase in the yield of spring soft wheat by 5,0 kg/ha compared to wheat. Studies were conducted in similar conditions on irrigated meadow-chernozem soil in an eight-field stationary cereals-grasses crop rotation. The consumption of macronutrients, including nitrogen with a crop of various perennial grasses, as well as the responsiveness of alfalfa, bromus and melilot to the level of nitrogen-phosphorus nutrition, were studied. The current nitrogen mobilization under these conditions of bromus vegetation on the background without fertilizers was 76 kg/ha. When optimizing the phosphate regime of the soil, this indicator increased to 99 kg/ha. Alfalfa nitrogen removal increases on similar agricultural backgrounds due to symbiotic fixed nitrogen by 89 and 193 kg/ha, respectively, or by 2,2 and 2,9 times. In such conditions, perennial legumes (alfalfa and melilot) are highly productive without nitrogen fertilizers and respond positively to improved nutritional conditions for phosphorus. This is especially evident in alfalfa of 1-5 years of life, where harvesting of green mass and fodder units increases to 40,56 and 7,00 t/ha, respectively, or by 86Results of field experiments in crop rotations of different specialization are presented – cereals-fallow and cereals-grasses rotations. The influence of various forecrops (fallow, Alfalfa) on individual indicators of soil fertility has been established. Negative nitrogen balance of -28 kg/ha was revealed with its intensity of 66% in a cereals-fallow rotation. The inclusion of perennial legumes, including alfalfa, provides a positive nitrogen balance in the crop rotation – 21 kg/ha without additional fertilizer with a deficiency of its intensity of 119%. Under such conditions, the content of nitrate nitrogen in soil, before sowing the wheat after plowing the bean component was high, as well as after fallowing, provides an increase in the yield of spring soft wheat by 5,0 kg/ha compared to wheat. Studies were conducted in similar conditions on irrigated meadow-chernozem soil in an eight-field stationary cereals-grasses crop rotation. The consumption of macronutrients, including nitrogen with a crop of various perennial grasses, as well as the responsiveness of alfalfa, bromus and melilot to the level of nitrogen-phosphorus nutrition, were studied. The current nitrogen mobilization under these conditions of bromus vegetation on the background without fertilizers was 76 kg/ha. When optimizing the phosphate regime of the soil, this indicator increased to 99 kg/ha. Alfalfa nitrogen removal increases on similar agricultural backgrounds due to symbiotic fixed nitrogen by 89 and 193 kg/ha, respectively, or by 2,2 and 2,9 times. In such conditions, perennial legumes (alfalfa and melilot) are highly productive without nitrogen fertilizers and respond positively to improved nutritional conditions for phosphorus. This is especially evident in alfalfa of 1-5 years of life, where harvesting of green mass and fodder units increases to 40,56 and 7,00 t/ha, respectively, or by 86% and 54Results of field experiments in crop rotations of different specialization are presented – cereals-fallow and cereals-grasses rotations. The influence of various forecrops (fallow, Alfalfa) on individual indicators of soil fertility has been established. Negative nitrogen balance of -28 kg/ha was revealed with its intensity of 66% in a cereals-fallow rotation. The inclusion of perennial legumes, including alfalfa, provides a positive nitrogen balance in the crop rotation – 21 kg/ha without additional fertilizer with a deficiency of its intensity of 119%. Under such conditions, the content of nitrate nitrogen in soil, before sowing the wheat after plowing the bean component was high, as well as after fallowing, provides an increase in the yield of spring soft wheat by 5,0 kg/ha compared to wheat. Studies were conducted in similar conditions on irrigated meadow-chernozem soil in an eight-field stationary cereals-grasses crop rotation. The consumption of macronutrients, including nitrogen with a crop of various perennial grasses, as well as the responsiveness of alfalfa, bromus and melilot to the level of nitrogen-phosphorus nutrition, were studied. The current nitrogen mobilization under these conditions of bromus vegetation on the background without fertilizers was 76 kg/ha. When optimizing the phosphate regime of the soil, this indicator increased to 99 kg/ha. Alfalfa nitrogen removal increases on similar agricultural backgrounds due to symbiotic fixed nitrogen by 89 and 193 kg/ha, respectively, or by 2,2 and 2,9 times. In such conditions, perennial legumes (alfalfa and melilot) are highly productive without nitrogen fertilizers and respond positively to improved nutritional conditions for phosphorus. This is especially evident in alfalfa of 1-5 years of life, where harvesting of green mass and fodder units increases to 40,56 and 7,00 t/ha, respectively, or by 86% and 54%, with 82,76 GJ of exchange energy per hectare.
- Copyright
- © 2020, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.
- Open Access
- This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
Cite this article
TY - CONF AU - Vasiliy Boiko AU - Natalia Voronkova AU - Artem Timokhin AU - Natalia Balabanova PY - 2020 DA - 2020/01/29 TI - The Environment–Forming Role of Perennial Grasses in Agriculture of the Forest-Steppe of Western Siberia BT - Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference The Fifth Technological Order: Prospects for the Development and Modernization of the Russian Agro-Industrial Sector (TFTS 2019) PB - Atlantis Press SP - 231 EP - 234 SN - 2352-5398 UR - https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200113.176 DO - 10.2991/assehr.k.200113.176 ID - Boiko2020 ER -