Gender and Age as Factors for Likelihood of Cheating

Yingze Yu; Chengting Wu; Gaofanjie Wang; Xinyu Liang

doi:10.2991/assehr.k.220401.164

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Gender and Age as Factors for Likelihood of Cheating

Authors

Yingze Yu¹^{, *}, Chengting Wu², Gaofanjie Wang³, Xinyu Liang⁴

¹University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA95064

²University of North Carolina, 134 E Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27514

³Kimball Union Academy, 7 Campus Center Dr, Meriden, NH, 03770

⁴Shenzhen College of International Education, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518017, China

^*Corresponding author. Email: yyu106@ucsc.edu

Corresponding Author

Yingze Yu

Available Online 8 April 2022.

DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.220401.164 How to use a DOI?
Keywords: cheating on exams; gender and age; average partial effects; instrumental variables
Abstract: This paper establishes models to analyze the effect of age and gender on students’ likelihood of cheating on exams. The main model used for analysis is a binary limited dependent model, which is estimated through probit and logit. We assume presence of endogeneity of variables that characterize student’s (negative) behavior in school (years in which student failed school and years in which student stopped attending school), possibly due to omitted variable bias, particularly such as the omission of students’ intrinsic academic motivation, engagement in studying, and peer influence, which are not available in the data set used by the current paper. We used instruments, such as parents’ time spent at work and whether they live with their children, which could be potentially used to infer parents’ time spent with their children, to address the endogeneity issue. By comparing the statistical significance of coefficient estimates for age and gender, as well as their estimated average partial effects, we find that gender is a relatively more significant factor on likelihood of cheating on exam than age is, even though the magnitudes of effect of both age and gender on likelihood of cheating are marginal. The deterioration of statistical significance of age and gender is evident from the results in the IV setup, yet regressors characterizing students’ family background remain statistically significant.
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.

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Volume Title: Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities and Arts (SSHA 2022)
Series: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
Publication Date: 8 April 2022
ISBN: 978-94-6239-560-2
ISSN: 2352-5398
DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.220401.164 How to use a DOI?
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.

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ris enw bib

TY  - CONF
AU  - Yingze Yu
AU  - Chengting Wu
AU  - Gaofanjie Wang
AU  - Xinyu Liang
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/04/08
TI  - Gender and Age as Factors for Likelihood of Cheating
BT  - Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities and Arts (SSHA 2022)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 851
EP  - 862
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220401.164
DO  - 10.2991/assehr.k.220401.164
ID  - Yu2022
ER  -

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