The Adequacy of Antioxidant Intake of Pregnant Women in Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining in Encountering Pandemic Condition

Ardiana Ekawanti; Suryani As’ad; Rosdiana Natsir; Husaini Umar; Deasy Irawati; Ima Arum Lestarini; Lina Nurbaiti

doi:10.2991/978-94-6463-130-2_16

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The Adequacy of Antioxidant Intake of Pregnant Women in Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining in Encountering Pandemic Condition

Authors

Ardiana Ekawanti¹^{, 2}^{, *}, Suryani As’ad³, Rosdiana Natsir², Husaini Umar⁴, Deasy Irawati⁵, Ima Arum Lestarini⁶, Lina Nurbaiti⁵

¹Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia

²Postgraduate Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia

³Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Muhammadiyah University, Makassar, Indonesia

⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia

⁵Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia

⁶Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia

^*Corresponding author. Email: ardiana.ekawanti@unram.ac.id

Corresponding Author

Ardiana Ekawanti

Available Online 14 April 2023.

DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6463-130-2_16 How to use a DOI?
Keywords: antioxidant dietary intake; artisanal small-scale gold mining; nutritional adequacy; pregnant women
Abstract: Background: The antioxidant is a nutrient that is needed to encounter free radicals produced by internal metabolism and also from the environment. In artisanal small-scale gold mining areas, environmental pollution, particularly mercury, could be the source of the free radical agents. Besides pollution, they have to combat Sar-cov2 in pandemic conditions. Pregnant women in the ASGM area should have adequate antioxidant levels to avoid mercury intoxication and infection.

Objective: The objective of this research was to find out the adequacy of antioxidant intake of pregnant women in the ASGM areas.

Method: This research conducted a cross-sectional research design. A nutritional interview using 24-h food recall was performed and followed by a nutrisurvey analysis to reveal the antioxidant intake of pregnant women. 130s subject which has met the criteria were enrolled. The antioxidant adequacy was analyzed by the dietary value compared to recommended dietary allowance.

Result: The mean intake for vitamin A was 1023.01 µg, vitamin E was 6.61 mg, and vitamin C was 127.62 mg. While antioxidants from mineral derivate; Iron was 8.00 mg, Zinc was 4.25 mg, Copper was 0.99 mg, and Manganese was 4.70 mg. If the result compared to Indonesian nutritional adequacy, it was found that vitamin A met the nutritional adequacy, while other vitamins did not meet the adequacy. For minerals, Manganese was adequate, but other minerals did not meet the adequacy.

Conclusion: Antioxidant dietary intake of pregnant women in the ASGM area did not meet the nutritional adequacy level, except for vitamin A and Manganese. These levels were not sufficient to avoid mercury intoxication and infection.
Open Access: Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title: Proceedings of the 1st Nusa Tenggara International Conference on Chemistry (NITRIC 2022)
Series: Atlantis Highlights in Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Publication Date: 14 April 2023
ISBN: 978-94-6463-130-2
ISSN: 2590-3195
DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6463-130-2_16 How to use a DOI?
Open Access: Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

ris enw bib

TY  - CONF
AU  - Ardiana Ekawanti
AU  - Suryani As’ad
AU  - Rosdiana Natsir
AU  - Husaini Umar
AU  - Deasy Irawati
AU  - Ima Arum Lestarini
AU  - Lina Nurbaiti
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/04/14
TI  - The Adequacy of Antioxidant Intake of Pregnant Women in Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining in Encountering Pandemic Condition
BT  - Proceedings of the 1st Nusa Tenggara International Conference on Chemistry (NITRIC 2022)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 151
EP  - 160
SN  - 2590-3195
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-130-2_16
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-130-2_16
ID  - Ekawanti2023
ER  -

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