Enhancing Mechanical and Physical Properties of Bioplastics: Impact of Starch/Chitosan Mass Ratio and Corn Stem Cellulose Nanofiber Filler

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-475-4_27How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Bioplastic; renewable material; fillers; mechanical strengths

Abstract

The utilization of traditional polymers has resulted in various environmental problems due to their extended decomposition period, compounded by the finite nature of petroleum-derived raw materials. Thus, alternative materials are needed as raw materials for making plastics that are more environmentally friendly, easily decomposed, and have an abundant supply of raw materials. This study aims to extract nanometer-sized cellulose fibers from corn stalks, determine the mass ratio of starch:chitosan effect and fillers on the properties of bioplastics, and to obtain bioplastics that have mechanical and physical properties that comparable to conventional LDPE (low density polyethylene) plastics. In this study variations in the starch: chitosan mass ratio used were 9:1, 8:2, and 7:3 (gram/gram) and variations of cellulose fiber fillers derived from corn stalks were 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 grams. The analysis carried out was the analysis of mechanical properties, analysis of physical properties (water absorption and density test), and analysis of SEM. The resulting cellulose fibers exhibited a micro-sized diameter ranging from 0.289 µm to 2.086 µm. The study revealed that the bioplastic formulation closest to LDPE characteristics comprised a starch:chitosan mass ratio of 9:1 with 0.2 grams of filler. This bioplastic has a tensile strength of 8.258 MPa, elongation of 2.472%, Young’s modulus of 334.065 MPa, water absorption of 87.500%, and density of 0.762 gram/ml.

Copyright

© 2024 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Y. Darni
AU  - D. Lesmana
AU  - W. P. Puspita
AU  - L. Lismeri
AU  - H. Utami
AU  - S. Br Ginting
PY  - 2024
DA  - 2024/08/02
TI  - Enhancing Mechanical and Physical Properties of Bioplastics: Impact of Starch/Chitosan Mass Ratio and Corn Stem Cellulose Nanofiber Filler
BT  - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Industry Science Technology and Sustainability (IConISTS 2023)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 315
EP  - 334
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-475-4_27
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-475-4_27
ID  - Darni2024
ER  -