Changing of Morphological, Anatomical, Cytological Characteristic and Artemisinin Content in Artemisia cina by Colchicine Treatment

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-062-6_38How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Artemisia cina; Colchicine; Chromosome; Polyploidy; Ploidy level

Abstract

The induction of artificial polyploidy has been considered a valuable tool that can improve many plants’ genetics and change their morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics. Artemisia cina plants’ polyploidy is induced through shoot culture to increase artemisinin content. This research consisted of stages of explant propagation, polyploid induction, and acclimatization. The colchicine concentrations of 100 mg/L, 150 mg/L, 200 mg/L and application times of 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h were the treatments given. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the chromosome determination. The number of alive explants after induction was analyzed at a 5% level using analysis of variant (ANOVA). The paired T-test was also conducted at a 5% level to determine the significance of the plant height, leaf area, stomata, chlorophyll content, glandular trichomes density, and glandular trichomes size and content of artemisinin between the two treatments on the observed data. In Colchicines, treatment with concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 mg/L and time application of 24, 48, 72, and 96 h can induce polyploidy on A. cina. Colchicines’ improved concentration and application time are of lower percentage in living explants. Eight plants are the highest number of polyploidy crops on colchicines treatment of 100 mg/L for 72 h. The resulting ploidy level varies on 2n = 2x = 16, 2n = 3x = 24, 2n = 4x = 36, 2n = 5x = 40, and 2n = 6x = 48. The highest level of polyploidy 2n = 4x = 32 is 20% in the treatment Colchicines 100 mg/L for 72 h. The modal number of chromosome x obtained in this study was = 8. The ploidy level’s highest plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and stomata sizes were 2n = 4x = 32. The number of stomata and glandular trichomes on polyploidy plants was smaller than the diploid plants. Polyploidy plants generally have larger leaves, stomata, and glandular trichome sizes than diploid plants. However, the number of stomata and glandular trichomes is less than in diploid plants. Artemisinin content on polyploidy plants is higher than on diploid plants.

Copyright

© 2023 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Maria Marina Herawati
AU  - Endang Pudjihartati
AU  - Andree Wijaya Setiawan
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/12/22
TI  - Changing of Morphological, Anatomical, Cytological Characteristic and Artemisinin Content in Artemisia cina by Colchicine Treatment
BT  - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Life Sciences and Biotechnology (ICOLIB 2021)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 378
EP  - 390
SN  - 2468-5747
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-062-6_38
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-062-6_38
ID  - Herawati2022
ER  -