Optimization of Citric Acid Production by Utilizing Rice Husk Waste as a Substrate Using Submerged Fermentation
- DOI
- 10.2991/978-94-6463-062-6_10How to use a DOI?
- Keywords
- Aspergillus niger; Central composite design; Citric acid; Rice husk; Waste utilization
- Abstract
Citric acid is an organic acid and is highly used as a commercial product. The production of citric acid in Indonesia has not met its demand, a cheap and easy method of obtaining raw materials to boost its production is required. Submerged fermentation using Aspergillus niger is a prospective method of citric acid production. Microorganisms need substrate as a carbon source to produce citric acid. Rice husks have the potential to be used as substrate to produce citric acid because they contain high cellulose (28.6–43.3%). This research aims to obtain the optimum fermentation conditions of producing citric acid. Variations in the study were methanol concentration (1–3% v/v), sucrose concentration (0–10% w/v), substrate concentration (15–30% w/v), and agitation speed (100–400 rpm). The variations were determined by a statistical approach of Response Surface Methodology. During the fermentation process, pH and citric acid concentration were measured. The pH and citric acid concentration data was analyzed using Minitab. The optimal conditions of producing citric acid using rice husks were obtained. They were substrate concentration 22.42% w/v, sucrose concentration 10% w/v, methanol concentration 3% v/v, and agitation speed 400 rpm. These optimal conditions resulted in a citric acid concentration of 19.12 g/L in pH 2.34 in 5-day fermentation.
- Copyright
- © 2023 The Author(s)
- Open Access
- Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
Cite this article
TY - CONF AU - Eka Rahmadani Ritonga AU - Adelina Manurung AU - Merry Meryam Martgrita PY - 2022 DA - 2022/12/22 TI - Optimization of Citric Acid Production by Utilizing Rice Husk Waste as a Substrate Using Submerged Fermentation BT - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Life Sciences and Biotechnology (ICOLIB 2021) PB - Atlantis Press SP - 88 EP - 97 SN - 2468-5747 UR - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-062-6_10 DO - 10.2991/978-94-6463-062-6_10 ID - Ritonga2022 ER -