Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Disorder Syndrome: Literature Review

DOI

10.2991/ahsr.k.220403.026How to use a DOI?

Keywords

COVID-19; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/ECMO; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome/ARDS

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It develops into acute respiratory distress and the majority of affected patients are placed under respiratory assistance in the intensive care unit. Furthermore, several efforts have been made to treat this condition, and these include refractory to mechanical ventilation, and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) therapy following the guidelines recently published by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO). Objectives: This study aims to identify the effectiveness of using ECMO therapy in prolonging the life expectancy of COVID-19 patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This literature review identified 6 relevant studies following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA). Results: A total of 32 from 157 full-text articles were analyzed based on the eligibility criteria. Meanwhile, up to 6 selected articles were obtained, including 263 for COVID-19 patients that required ECMO therapy in the ICU. A total of 119 were decannulated and discharged from the ICU/hospital, 25 were still being treated with ECMO and 119 died. The factors that influence the success rate of using ECMO in patients are age, gender, comorbidities, and complications during the initiation process. Conclusion: Different reports showed that COVID-19 patients with ARDS have a high mortality rate. Therefore, alternative therapy such as ECMO should be provided to prolong life expectancy by considering the patient’s indications and contraindications before the initiation of the process.

Copyright

© 2022 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press International B.V.

Open Access

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Puji Nurani
AU  - Fahrun Nur Rosyid
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/04/13
TI  - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Disorder Syndrome: Literature Review
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Health and Well-Being (ICHWB 2021)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 181
EP  - 192
SN  - 2468-5739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.220403.026
DO  - 10.2991/ahsr.k.220403.026
ID  - Nurani2022
ER  -