Ethyl Acetate Extract of Red Melinjo (Gnetum Gnemon L.) Peel as Antibacterial Compound

DOI

10.2991/aer.k.200325.037How to use a DOI?

Keywords

melinjo, extract, antimicrobial, cell damage

Abstract

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) is a native plant in Indonesia. Melinjo peel is generally disposed of, although it contains tannin, flavonoid and saponin, which can be used as antimicrobial compounds. The purpose of this research was to analyze the antimicrobial activity of melinjo peel extract. Maceration method was conducted to extract the melinjo peel, using ethyl acetate as the solvent. The extract at concentration of 4, 8, 12, and 16% (w/v) could inhibit Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, but could not inhibit Rhizopus oligosporus ATCC 22959. The extract MIC and MBC value was ranged from 0.50-0.69% and 2.00-2.76%, respectively. Alkaloids, saponin, phenolic, flavonoids and glycosides were found in the extract. The inhibition of selected extract (12%) had a similar level to 1000 ppm Colistin against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Low pH (pH 4) increased the inhibition of the extract, while neutral pH decreased the inhibition. Heating extract at 65 0C for 30 minutes increased the inhibition, whereas heating at 75, 85, and 95 0C decreased the inhibition. The present of salt and sugar at concentration of 1-5% and 10-50%, respectively, increased the inhibition. The extract could damage cell morphology and was confirmed by the presence of ions (Ca2+, K+, dan Mg2+) outside of the cells.

Copyright

© 2020, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.

Open Access

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Adolf J. N. Parhusip
AU  - Veliana Angel
AU  - Nuri A. Anugrahati
AU  - Johan Honga
AU  - Wenny S. L. Sinaga
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/03/30
TI  - Ethyl Acetate Extract of Red Melinjo (Gnetum Gnemon L.) Peel as Antibacterial Compound
BT  - Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANRes 2019)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 189
EP  - 198
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.200325.037
DO  - 10.2991/aer.k.200325.037
ID  - Parhusip2020
ER  -