Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health

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Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 302 - 309

Epidemiology and Microbiological Profile of Common Healthcare Associated Infections among Patients in the Intensive Care Unit of a General Hospital in Kuwait: A Retrospective Observational Study

Authors
Wadha Alfouzan1, 2, *, Rita Dhar1, Naglaa M. Abdo3, 4, Walid Q. Alali5, Ali A. Rabaan6
1Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Farwania Hospital, Kuwait
2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait
3Department of Infection Control, Farwania Hospital, Kuwait
4Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
5Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait
6Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
*Corresponding author. Email: alfouzan.w@ku.edu.kw
Corresponding Author
Wadha Alfouzan
Received 30 January 2021, Accepted 21 May 2021, Available Online 5 June 2021.
DOI
10.2991/jegh.k.210524.001How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Healthcare-associated infection; device-associated infection; antibiotic resistance; ventilator-associated pneumonia; catheter-associated urinary tract infection; central line-associated bloodstream infections
Abstract

Background: Patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are prone to develop nosocomial infections due to Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) organisms. Inappropriate and overuse of antibiotics play an important role in the emergence of MDR organisms, which cause life-threatening infections resulting in significant morbidity and mortality.

Methods: Retrospective surveillance-based study on healthcare-associated infections. The study conducted over two consecutive years 2018 and 2019, looking at ICU related infections of a regional secondary care general hospital and the data were recorded using the methods and definitions of the Kuwait National Healthcare-associated infections Surveillance System (KNHSS).

Results: A total of 1408 patients, admitted to ICU for 7922 days during the 2 years period. Eighty-nine patients were included in this study, where 48 developed one Hospital-acquired Infections (HAI) in the ICU while 25 and two patients presented with two and three HAIs, respectively. The HAIs included Bloodstream Infections (BSI) – 42.3%, pneumonia – 28.8%, Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) – 15.3%, skin and soft tissue infections – 9.6% and Clostridium difficile infection – 3.4%. The overall infection rate was 13.14 per 1000 patient-days. The rates for Device-associated (DA)-HAIs were 6.27 for Central Line-associated BSI (CLABSI) per 1000 Central Line (CL)-days, 4.21 for Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) per 1000 Mechanical Ventilator (MV)-days, and 1.91 Catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) per 1000 Urinary Catheter (UC)-days. Data showed that device use ratios for CL, MV, and UC were 0.81, 0.74, and 0.98, respectively. Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common organisms isolated from the ICU infections with highest rates of antibiotic resistance.

Conclusion: Among DA-HAIs CLABSI was found to be most common in our ICU, followed by VAP and CAUTI. Gram-negative organisms with A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae being the leading causative agents with high antimicrobial resistance profiles.

Copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press International B.V.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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<Previous Article In Issue
Next Article In Issue>
Journal
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Volume-Issue
11 - 3
Pages
302 - 309
Publication Date
2021/06/05
ISSN (Online)
2210-6014
ISSN (Print)
2210-6006
DOI
10.2991/jegh.k.210524.001How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press International B.V.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wadha Alfouzan
AU  - Rita Dhar
AU  - Naglaa M. Abdo
AU  - Walid Q. Alali
AU  - Ali A. Rabaan
PY  - 2021
DA  - 2021/06/05
TI  - Epidemiology and Microbiological Profile of Common Healthcare Associated Infections among Patients in the Intensive Care Unit of a General Hospital in Kuwait: A Retrospective Observational Study
JO  - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
SP  - 302
EP  - 309
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
SN  - 2210-6014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.210524.001
DO  - 10.2991/jegh.k.210524.001
ID  - Alfouzan2021
ER  -