Artery Research

Volume 25, Issue Supplement 1, December 2019, Pages S4 - S5

1.5 Age and Sex Differences in the Association of Brachial and Central Blood Pressure Variability with Arterial Stiffness

Authors
Shikai Yu*, Kathleen Connolly, Spoorthy Kulkarni, Viknesh Selvarajah, Jean Woodcock-Smith, Ian Wilkinson, Carmel McEniery
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
*Corresponding author. Email: sy377@cam.ac.uk
Corresponding Author
Shikai Yu
Available Online 15 February 2020.
DOI
10.2991/artres.k.191224.004How to use a DOI?
Abstract

Background: Both blood pressure variability (BPV) and arterial stiffness (AS) are significantly influenced by age and sex. However, whether the association between BPV and AS differs with age and sex remains unclear. We examined age and sex differences in the association between brachial and central BPV and AS in a cohort of healthy individuals, covering a wide age-span.

Methods: 24-hour brachial and central blood pressures (Mobil-O-Graph) and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) (SphygmoCor) were measured in 957 healthy individuals (age range: 18–88 yrs; mean age: 46 ± 18 yrs; 45% males). BPV was calculated as standard deviations of 24-hour (time-weighted, 24wSD), daytime (dSD) and night-time systolic blood pressures. Correlation analyses were performed, separately, in groups stratified by age (≤40, 41–60, and >60 yrs) and sex.

Results: aPWV significantly correlated to brachial and central 24wSD and dSD (p ≤ 0.02 for all) in both males and females, but females showed significantly stronger correlations of aPWV to brachial 24wSD (correlation coefficient [r]: 0.31 vs. 0.11, p = 0.001) and dSD (r: 0.32 vs. 0.12, p = 0.001) and to central 24wSD (r: 0.34 vs. 0.20, p = 0.02) and dSD (r: 0.34 vs. 0.21, p = 0.03), compared to males (Table 1). After stratification by age and sex, in both males and females, significant correlations between aPWV and BPV indices were observed in middle-aged and older adults, but not in younger adults (Tables 2 and 3).

SBP variability Males (n = 431) Females (n = 526) p*


r p r p
Brachial
  24 h time-weighted SD 0.11 0.02 0.31 <0.0001 0.001
  Day SD 0.12 0.01 0.32 <0.0001 0.001
  Night SD 0.01 0.81 0.16 0.0002 0.02
Central
  24 h time-weighted SD 0.20 <0.0001 0.34 <0.0001 0.02
  Day SD 0.21 <0.0001 0.34 <0.0001 0.03
  Night SD 0.08 0.08 0.18 <0.0001 0.12
*

p-value derived from Z-test; SD, standard deviation; r, correlation coefficient.

Table 1

Correlation between SBP variability and aortic pulse wave velocity in males and females

SBP variability Younger adults Age ≤ 40 yrs N = 208 Middle-aged adults 40 < Age ≤ 60 N = 104 Older adults Age > 60 yrs N = 119



r p r p r p
Brachial
  24 h time-weighted SD 0.06 0.42 0.20 0.04 0.23 0.01
  Day SD 0.09 0.17 0.20 0.04 0.22 0.01
  Night SD −0.04 0.58 0.20 0.04 0.08 0.38
Central
  24 h time-weighted SD 0.12 0.09 0.26 0.008 0.23 0.01
  Day SD 0.15 0.03 0.27 0.006 0.26 0.005
  Night SD 0.01 0.93 0.20 0.04 0.08 0.41

SD, standard deviation; r, correlation coefficient.

Table 2

Correlation between SBP variability and aortic pulse wave velocity in younger, middle-aged and older males

SBP variability Younger adults Age ≤ 40 yrs N = 214 Middle-aged adults 40 < Age ≤ 60 N = 157 Older adults Age > 60 yrs N = 155



r p r p r p
Brachial
  24 h time-weighted SD 0.08 0.26 0.12 0.14 0.25 0.002
  Day SD 0.12 0.09 0.14 0.08 0.21 0.008
  Night SD 0.03 0.62 0.07 0.37 0.22 0.006
Central
  24 h time-weighted SD 0.11 0.12 0.20 0.01 0.24 0.003
  Day SD 0.13 0.05 0.20 0.01 0.19 0.02
  Night SD 0.07 0.31 0.10 0.22 0.21 0.008

SD, standard deviation; r, correlation coefficient.

Table 3

Correlation between SBP variability and aortic pulse wave velocity in younger, middle-aged and older females

Conclusion: Correlation between BPV and AS differs with age and sex. BPV relates to AS in middle-aged and older adults and more strongly relates to AS in females.

Copyright
© 2019 Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology. Publishing services by Atlantis Press International B.V.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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Journal
Artery Research
Volume-Issue
25 - Supplement 1
Pages
S4 - S5
Publication Date
2020/02/15
ISSN (Online)
1876-4401
ISSN (Print)
1872-9312
DOI
10.2991/artres.k.191224.004How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2019 Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology. Publishing services by Atlantis Press International B.V.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

Cite this article

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Shikai Yu
AU  - Kathleen Connolly
AU  - Spoorthy Kulkarni
AU  - Viknesh Selvarajah
AU  - Jean Woodcock-Smith
AU  - Ian Wilkinson
AU  - Carmel McEniery
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/02/15
TI  - 1.5 Age and Sex Differences in the Association of Brachial and Central Blood Pressure Variability with Arterial Stiffness
JO  - Artery Research
SP  - S4
EP  - S5
VL  - 25
IS  - Supplement 1
SN  - 1876-4401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/artres.k.191224.004
DO  - 10.2991/artres.k.191224.004
ID  - Yu2020
ER  -