The emergence of high-resolution imaging methods has enabled MRI to noninvasively image the fine internal structure of cervical arterial walls. This presentation will provide a comprehensive guide to perform high resolution MRI (HR-MRI) of cervical arteries, including the choice of coils, sequences, imaging parameters, and tips for optimal image quality. HR-MRI of carotid atherosclerosis has the potential to be used in treatment decisions or to monitor the effects treatment options. We will explain and illustrate how to quantify plaque volume, determine atherosclerotic plaque burden, detect plaque composition, and ultimately identify unstable plaque before it leads to a clinical event using HR-MRI. Finally, the role of HR-MRI in the diagnosis of cervical dissection and inflammatory disease of the arterial wall will be emphasized.