Retrospective Study of Bone-TB in Oman: 2002–2019

Authors

Wael A.H. Hegazy^{1, 2, *,} , Raqiya Al Mamari², Khalfan Almazroui³, Ali Al Habsi³, Ahmed Kamona², Huda AlHarthi³, Areej I. Al Lawati⁴, AlZahra H. AlHusaini⁵

¹Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

²Department of Pharmacy Practice and pharmaceutical sciences, Pharmacy Program, Oman College of Health Sciences, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

³Pharmacy and Medical Store Department, Clinical Pharmacy Section, Directorate General of Khoula Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

⁴Pharmacy and Medical Store Department, Directorate General of Royal Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

⁵Directorate of Drug Store, Injection Section, Directorate General of Medical Supplies, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman

^*Corresponding author. Email: waelmhegazy@daad-alumni.de

DOI

10.2991/jegh.k.210420.002How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Tuberculosis; extra-pulmonary tuberculosis; Bone-TB; Oman

Abstract

Objective: Little information is available about the etiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, and epidemiologic features of Bone Tuberculosis (Bone-TB). In this work, we present the epidemiological data about the Bone-TB in the Sultanate of Oman.

Methods: Retrospectively, we identified and assessed those patients who were diagnosed with Bone-TB between January 2002 and December 2019 at Khoula Hospital. The following data were collected: demographics, clinical presentation, anatomical location, diagnosis, and treatment of the Bone-TB.

Results: During the study period, 115 cases of Bone-TB were diagnosed. Males were affected more than females (57.4% and 42.6%, respectively). About 30% of Bone-TB cases were primary diagnosed in other organs particularly the lungs and then after disseminated to the bone. However, the Bone-TB was detected in hip, leg, hand, shoulder, and skull bones, the most detected Bone-TB was in spine (66% of cases). After vaccination the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) strains were identified in the bones of eight babies. Tubercle bacilli were detected by Acid-Fast Stain (AFS) in 59% of cases, and the rest of cases were confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. There are two used treatment regimens, with 12.4% relapse. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disturbances were the most related side effects. The resistance has been detected to pyrazinamide in six cases, rifampicin in three cases, and isoniazid, streptomycin and kanamycin were detected in one case.

Conclusion: The most predominant Bone-TB cases were spine-TB that were mainly disseminated from the lungs. AFS failed to detect tubercle bacilli in 40% of cases. There is no statistical significance in relapse between the used two regimens. The death was predominant among skull-TB cases.

Copyright

© 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press International B.V.

Open Access

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wael A.H. Hegazy
AU  - Raqiya Al Mamari
AU  - Khalfan Almazroui
AU  - Ali Al Habsi
AU  - Ahmed Kamona
AU  - Huda AlHarthi
AU  - Areej I. Al Lawati
AU  - AlZahra H. AlHusaini
PY  - 2021
DA  - 2021/04/26
TI  - Retrospective Study of Bone-TB in Oman: 2002–2019
JO  - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
SP  - 238
EP  - 245
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
SN  - 2210-6014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.210420.002
DO  - 10.2991/jegh.k.210420.002
ID  - Hegazy2021
ER  -